posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 16. 11:02
< 전체 순서 요약 >
1. DB를 Archive log mode로 설정
2. 실제 DB: testdb, Clone DB: testdb2
3. 이 방법은 장애 시점 이전의 Backup file과 Archive log file로 복구를 해내므로 반드시 장애시점 이전의 Backup file과 Archive log file이 존재해야 한다.


< 작업 순서 요약 >
1. Tablespace 생성 후 전체 Tablespace Backup (hot / cold 상관 없음)
2. test Table 생성 후 장애발생 - 실습할 Tablespace에 생성할 것
3. 복구 서버(testdb2)용 Parameter file 생성 (기존 Parameter file 복사 후 몇 개 항목만 변경)
4. 복구 대상 파일을 복구 위치로 복사
5. 복구 서버를 위한 Control file 재 생성 (기존 서버에서 사용중인 Control file을 Trace해서 재 생성에 사용함)
6. mount 상태에서 recover database until time 명령어로 복구
7. exp로 해당 Table을 export 받고 imp로 원본 서버에 import 한다.


< 실제 작업 수행 >
1단계 : Tablespace 생성 후 전체 Backup 받기

SQL> create tablespace clone datafile '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/clone01.dbf' size 10m;

Tablespace created.

SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024/1024 MB, file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB FILE_NAME
-------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
USERS                         5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
SYSAUX                      240 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
UNDOTBS1                     35 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
SYSTEM                      480 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
EXAMPLE                     100 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
CLONE                        10 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/clone01.dbf

6 rows selected.

SQL> alter tablespace system begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/system01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace system end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace sysaux begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/sysaux01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace sysaux end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/undotbs01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/users01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace users end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace example begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/example01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace example end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace clone begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/clone01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/clone01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/clone01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace clone end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> 



2단계 : 실습용 Tablespace 생성 후 Data를 입력하고 장애를 발생시킨다.

SQL> conn scott/tiger;
Connected.
SQL> create table test (no number) tablespace clone;

Table created.

SQL> insert into test values (1);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> insert into test values (2);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') "SYSDATE" from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2010-03-16:11:20:17

SQL> drop table test purge;

Table dropped.

SQL> select * from tab;

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
DEPT                           TABLE
EMP                            TABLE
BONUS                          TABLE
SALGRADE                       TABLE

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.

#log switch를 수 차례 발생시켜 해당 작업 내용이 아카이빙 되도록 한다.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> 



3단계 : 복구 서버용 Parameter file 생성하기 - 운영 서버에서 Parameter file 복사해서 복구 서버용으로 편집하는 작업

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

SQL> !cp -av $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittestdb.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittestdb2.ora
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/inittestdb.ora' -> `/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/inittestdb2.ora'

SQL> !vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittestdb2.ora

testdb.__db_cache_size=213909504
testdb.__java_pool_size=4194304
testdb.__large_pool_size=4194304
testdb.__shared_pool_size=58720256
testdb.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/data/clone/admin/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='data/clone/admin/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/data/clone/testdb2/control01.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/data/clone/admin/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='testdb2'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testdbXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.local_listener='LISTENER_TESTDB'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/arc1'
*.log_archive_dest_2='location=/data/arc2'
*.log_archive_format='%s_%t_%r.arc'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=285212672
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/data/clone/admin/udump'
"~/product/10g/dbs/inittestdb2.ora" 30L, 1025C written

SQL> !mkdir -p /data/clone/testdb2

SQL> !mkdir -p /data/clone/admin/adump

SQL> !mkdir -p /data/clone/admin/bdump

SQL> !mkdir -p /data/clone/admin/cdump

SQL> !mkdir -p /data/clone/admin/udump

SQL> 



4단계 : 임시 복구 경로에 복구 대상 파일 복원하기

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/system01.dbf /data/clone/testdb2/
`/data/backup/open/system01.dbf' -> `/data/clone/testdb2/system01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/sysaux01.dbf /data/clone/testdb2/
`/data/backup/open/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/data/clone/testdb2/sysaux01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/undotbs01.dbf /data/clone/testdb2/
`/data/backup/open/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/data/clone/testdb2/undotbs01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/clone01.dbf /data/clone/testdb2/
`/data/backup/open/clone01.dbf' -> `/data/clone/testdb2/clone01.dbf'

SQL> 


5단계 : 복구 DB를 위한 Control file 재 생성 및 DB 이름 변경, DB 시작 운영 서버에서 Control file을 Backup 받아서 복구 서버용으로 만드는 작업

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/data/clone/recon_testdb2.sql';

Database altered.

SQL> !vi /data/clone/recon_testdb2.sql

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "TESTDB2" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 (
    '/data/clone/testdb2/redo01_a.log',
    '/data/clone/testdb2/redo01_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 2 (
    '/data/clone/testdb2/redo02_a.log',
    '/data/clone/testdb2/redo02_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 3 (
    '/data/clone/testdb2/redo03_a.log',
    '/data/clone/testdb2/redo03_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M
DATAFILE
  '/data/clone/testdb2/system01.dbf',
  '/data/clone/testdb2/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/data/clone/testdb2/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/data/clone/testdb2/clone01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET KO16KSC5601
;
"/data/clone/recon_testdb2.sql" 27L, 688C written

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@ghost ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=testdb2
[oracle@ghost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 16 11:56:18 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> @/data/clone/recon_testdb2.sql
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              92276304 bytes
Database Buffers          188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

Control file created.

SQL> 



6단계 : 복구 (복구 서버에서 하는 작업)

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until time '2010-03-16:11:20:17';
ORA-00279: change 526254 generated at 03/16/2010 11:16:57 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /data/arc2/6_1_713363612.arc
ORA-00280: change 526254 for thread 1 is in sequence #6


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> conn scott/tiger;
Connected.
SQL> select * from test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@ghost ~]$ mkdir -p /data/backup/exp
[oracle@ghost ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=testdb2
[oracle@ghost ~]$ exp userid=scott/tiger file=/data/backup/exp/scott.dmp tables=test;

Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 16 12:05:43 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Export done in KO16KSC5601 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table                           TEST          2 rows exported
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
[oracle@ghost ~]$ 



7단계 : 데이터 Import 후 확인

< 실제 서버에서 작업 >
[oracle@ghost ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=testdb
[oracle@ghost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 16 12:08:24 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select * from scott.test;
select * from scott.test
                    *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist


SQL> exit 
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@ghost ~]$ imp userid=scott/tiger file=/data/backup/exp/scott.dmp ignore=y

Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 16 12:09:15 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Export file created by EXPORT:V10.02.01 via conventional path
import done in KO16KSC5601 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT
. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT
. . importing table                         "TEST"          2 rows imported
Import terminated successfully without warnings.
[oracle@ghost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 16 12:09:41 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> conn scott/tiger;
Connected.
SQL> select * from test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2

SQL> 

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posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 15. 12:32
실제서버위치 : /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/
복구서버위치 : /data/temp/

1. Tablespace 생성 : ts_c <- 없으면 적당히 생성하세요
2. auser 생성 : default Tablespace를 ts_c로 지정한다.
3. auser 로 로그인해서 Table 생성(tbl_test)하고 Data 입력 후 commit;
4. drop user cascade로 auser 삭제

미션 : 복구서버에서 auser의 tbl_test를 복구해서 Export 받은 후 실제서버의 scott 계정으로 Import 시키세요



posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 15. 11:55
장애상황
Data file들만 남아있고 다른 모든 File(Redo log file, Control file)이 삭제된 상황.
Control file은 오래전에 Backup 받은 파일만 있다.
예전에 Backup 해놓은 Control file을 이용해서 Control file 재 생성 Script를 만들고 이 장애를 복구한다.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select name from v$datafile; 

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf

8 rows selected.

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log
/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log
/home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log
/home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log
/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log

6 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl

#연습문제와 같이 장애를 발생시키기 위해 Redo log files와 Control file을 삭제하고 삭제 여부를 확인한다.
SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/disk4/*.log                                                  

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/disk4/*.log
ls: /home/oracle/disk4/*.log: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/disk5/*.log

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/disk5/*.log
ls: /home/oracle/disk5/*.log: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl
ls: /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
#Control file과 Redo log file이 삭제된 상태에서 DB를 시작할 경우 아래와 같은 에러가 발생한다.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info


SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted


ORACLE instance shut down.
#예전에 Backup 받아놓은 Control file을 Server Parameter에 설정된 경로로 복사한다.
SQL> !cp /data/backup/redo_close/control01.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl

SQL> !cp /data/backup/redo_close/control01.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl

SQL> !cp /data/backup/redo_close/control01.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl

#현재 Control file은 예전에 Backup 받았던  Control file이기 때문에 아래와 같이 old control file 에러가 발생한다.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01122: database file 1 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
ORA-01207: file is more recent than control file - old control file


#에러가 발생하면 Control file을 재 생성하는 Script를 생성한다.
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/controlfile.sql';

Database altered.

#Control file 재 생성을 위해 Script 내용을 아래와 같이 수정한다.
SQL> !vi /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/controlfile.sql

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 2 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 3 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M
DATAFILE
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET KO16KSC5601
;
"~/oradata/testdb/controlfile.sql" 31L, 894C written

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open


Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
#Control file 재 생성을 위해 DB를 mount 단계로 시작하기 위해 사용했던 이전 Control file은 삭제한다.
SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl    
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl  /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl   

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl
ls: /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

#Control file 재 생성을 위해 수정해놓은 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/controlfile.sql Script 파일을 실행한다.
SQL> @/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/controlfile.sql
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

Control file created.

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl  /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl

#DB를 open 상태로 전환하고 Data file, Redo log file, Control file을 확인한다.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf

8 rows selected.

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log
/home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log
/home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log
/home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log
/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log

6 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl

SQL> 
posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 15. 11:26
Control File Multiplexing 작업순서
1. DB 종료
2. Parameter 수정
3. 파일 복사
4. DB 시작

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl

위 내용을 아래와 같이 변경한다.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/data/disk1/control01.ctl
/data/disk2/control02.ctl
/data/disk3/control03.ctl


##Control File Multiplexing 과정
[oracle@ghost sql]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Mar 15 10:32:20 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl

#Control file의 다중화 및 경로 설정
#pfile 사용시
SQL> vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittestdb.ora
*.control_files='/data/disk1/control01.ctl','/data/disk2/control02.ctl','/data/disk3/control03.ctl'

#spfile 사용시
SQL> alter system set control_files='/data/disk1/control01.ctl',
  2  '/data/disk2/control02.ctl','/data/disk3/control03.ctl'
  3  scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> !mkdir /data/disk1 /data/disk2 /data/disk3

SQL> !cp /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl /data/disk1/control01.ctl 


##Control File Error #1
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info


SQL> !cp /data/disk1/control01.ctl /data/disk2/control02.ctl

SQL> !cp /data/disk1/control01.ctl /data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/data/disk1/control01.ctl
/data/disk2/control02.ctl
/data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> 


#Control File Error #2
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
#Control file의 버전이 다른 에러를 발생시키기 위해 이전에 Backup 받아놓은 Control file을 복사한다.
SQL> !cp /data/backup/redo_close/control03.ctl /data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
ORA-00214: control file '/data/disk1/control01.ctl' version 572 inconsistent with file '/data/disk3/control03.ctl' version 545


SQL> !cp /data/disk1/control01.ctl /data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> 


##Control File 재 생성
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/data/disk1/control01.ctl
/data/disk2/control02.ctl
/data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
------------
OPEN

#실습을 위해 각 디스크에 저장되어 있는 Control file을 모두 삭제한다.
SQL> !rm -rf /data/disk1/*.ctl

SQL> !ls /data/disk1/*.ctl
ls: /data/disk1/*.ctl: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

SQL> !rm -rf /data/disk2/*.ctl

SQL> !ls /data/disk2/*.ctl
ls: /data/disk2/*.ctl: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

SQL> !rm -rf /data/disk3/*.ctl

SQL> !ls /data/disk3/*.ctl  
ls: /data/disk3/*.ctl: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

#Parameter에 지정된 user_dump_dest 경로에 *.trc 포맷으로 저장된다.
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;              

Database altered.

#alter database backup controlfile to trace; 명령어 실행시 user_dump_dest 경로에 저장된다.
SQL> show parameter user_dump_dest

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- --------------------------------
user_dump_dest                       string      /home/oracle/admin/testdb/udump
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/data/disk1/control01.sql';

Database altered.

#'/data/disk1/control01.sql' 파일 내용엔 NORESETLOGS와 RESETLOG 두 가지 형태의 스크립트가 존재한다.
#위 명령어로 생성한 '/data/disk1/control01.sql' 파일 내용을 아래와 같이 수정한다.
#파일 내용중 아래와 같은 공백이 있을 경우 에러가 발생하니 삭제한다.
#  ) SIZE 5M
#-- STANDBY LOGFILE <--- 행 삭제
# <--- 행 삭제
#DATAFILE

SQL> !vi /data/disk1/control01.sql

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 2 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 3 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M
DATAFILE
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET KO16KSC5601
;
"/data/disk1/control01.sql" 31L, 894C written

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> @/data/disk1/control01.sql
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

Control file created.

SQL> !ls /data/disk1/*.ctl
/data/disk1/control01.ctl

SQL> !ls /data/disk2/*.ctl
/data/disk2/control02.ctl

SQL> !ls /data/disk3/*.ctl
/data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/data/disk1/control01.ctl
/data/disk2/control02.ctl
/data/disk3/control03.ctl

SQL> 



##control01.sql 파일 내용
[oracle@ghost disk1]$ more control01.sql 
-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%s_%t_%r.arc
--
-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="testdb"
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=2
-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch
-- FAL_CLIENT=''
-- FAL_SERVER=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='LOCATION=/data/arc2'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='OPTIONAL REOPEN=300 NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='ARCH NOAFFIRM NOEXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='REGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/data/arc1'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='OPTIONAL REOPEN=300 NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM NOEXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='REGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

--
-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
-- if online logs are unavailable.
-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
-- need to re-create the control file.
--
--     Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.

-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
--  ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 2 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 3 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET KO16KSC5601
;

-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/data/arc2/1_1_562360180.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/data/arc2/1_1_710077424.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/data/arc2/1_1_713363612.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE

-- All logs need archiving and a log switch is needed.
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;

-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf'
     SIZE 20971520  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
--     Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.

-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
--  ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 2 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M,
  GROUP 3 (
    '/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log',
    '/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log'
  ) SIZE 5M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf',
  '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET KO16KSC5601
;

-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/data/arc2/1_1_562360180.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/data/arc2/1_1_710077424.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/data/arc2/1_1_713363612.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf'
     SIZE 20971520  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
[oracle@ghost disk1]$ 
posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 12. 11:16
1. 실습 환경 설정
실습을 위해 아래와 같이 Redo log group 및 member 을 다중화 한다.

SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 YES UNUSED
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 YES UNUSED
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 YES UNUSED
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 YES UNUSED

6 rows selected.


2. Group의 한 Member 1개 장애 (Active, Inactive 공통)
SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 YES UNUSED
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 YES UNUSED
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 YES UNUSED
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 YES UNUSED

6 rows selected.

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 YES INACTIVE

6 rows selected.

SQL> alter database drop logfile member '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log' to group 1;

Database altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 YES ACTIVE
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 YES ACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 YES ACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 YES ACTIVE

6 rows selected.

SQL> 

※ alert_testdb.log 내용
Fri Mar 12 11:26:22 2010
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 7
  Current log# 2 seq# 7 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log
  Current log# 2 seq# 7 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log
Fri Mar 12 11:26:22 2010
Errors in file /home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/testdb_arc0_3194.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Fri Mar 12 11:26:22 2010
Errors in file /home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/testdb_arc0_3194.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 8
  Current log# 3 seq# 8 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
  Current log# 3 seq# 8 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log
Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 9
Checkpoint not complete
  Current log# 3 seq# 8 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
  Current log# 3 seq# 8 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log
Fri Mar 12 11:26:32 2010
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 9
  Current log# 1 seq# 9 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log
  Current log# 1 seq# 9 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log
Fri Mar 12 11:27:18 2010
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 10
  Current log# 2 seq# 10 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log
  Current log# 2 seq# 10 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log
Fri Mar 12 11:27:18 2010
Errors in file /home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/testdb_arc1_3196.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Fri Mar 12 11:27:18 2010
Errors in file /home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/testdb_arc1_3196.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 11
  Current log# 3 seq# 11 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
  Current log# 3 seq# 11 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log
Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 12
Checkpoint not complete
  Current log# 3 seq# 11 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
  Current log# 3 seq# 11 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 12
  Current log# 1 seq# 12 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log
  Current log# 1 seq# 12 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log
Fri Mar 12 11:27:30 2010
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 13
  Current log# 2 seq# 13 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log
  Current log# 2 seq# 13 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log
Fri Mar 12 11:27:30 2010
Errors in file /home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/testdb_arc0_3194.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Fri Mar 12 11:27:30 2010
Errors in file /home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/testdb_arc0_3194.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Fri Mar 12 11:27:30 2010
Expanded controlfile section 11 from 28 to 205 records
Requested to grow by 177 records; added 7 blocks of records
Fri Mar 12 11:27:52 2010
alter database drop logfile member '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
Fri Mar 12 11:27:52 2010
Completed: alter database drop logfile member '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log'
Fri Mar 12 11:28:12 2010
alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log' to group 1
Fri Mar 12 11:28:12 2010
Completed: alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log' to group 1
Fri Mar 12 11:28:27 2010
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 14
  Current log# 3 seq# 14 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log
  Current log# 3 seq# 14 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 15
  Current log# 1 seq# 15 mem# 0: /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log
  Current log# 1 seq# 15 mem# 1: /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log


3. Inactive한 Group 장애
SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 YES INACTIVE

6 rows selected.

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 YES INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 NO  INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 NO  INACTIVE

6 rows selected.

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;
alter database drop logfile group 3
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 3 of instance testdb (thread 1) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log'
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log'


SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 3;

Database altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by 1, 2;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /home/oracle/disk4/redo01_a.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         1 /home/oracle/disk5/redo01_b.log                             5 NO  CURRENT
         2 /home/oracle/disk4/redo02_a.log                             5 NO  INACTIVE
         2 /home/oracle/disk5/redo02_b.log                             5 NO  INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk4/redo03_a.log                             5 NO  INACTIVE
         3 /home/oracle/disk5/redo03_b.log                             5 NO  INACTIVE

6 rows selected.

SQL> 


posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 12. 02:25
#시나리오
A. Data file, Control file을 open Backup 한다.
B. 새로운 ts_d Tablespace를 생성한다.
C. Tablespace ts_d에 scott.test Table을 생성하고 Data를 입력한다.
D. ts_d Tablespace를 삭제한다. rm 또는 drop tablespace 동일하다.
  ※ ts_d Tablespace는 Backup 받은 Data file이 없다.

#연습문제
D에서 삭제된 ts_d Talespace를 복구한다.


#현재 Data file을 확인한다.
SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024/1024 MB, file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB FILE_NAME
-------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
USERS                         5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
SYSAUX                      240 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
UNDOTBS1                     35 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
SYSTEM                      480 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
EXAMPLE                     100 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
TS_A                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
TS_B                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
TS_C                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf

8 rows selected.

#모든 Data file을 Open Backup 한다.
SQL> alter tablespace system begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/system01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace system end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace sysaux begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/sysaux01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace sysaux end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/undotbs01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/users01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace users end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace example begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/example01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace example end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace ts_a begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/ts_a01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace ts_a end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace ts_b begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/ts_b01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace ts_b end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace ts_c begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf /data/backup/open/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/open/ts_c01.dbf'

SQL> alter tablespace ts_c end backup;

Tablespace altered.

#Data file을 Open Backup 했다면, 중요한 Control file 도 Backup 한다.
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to '/data/backup/open/control01.ctl';

Database altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024/1024 MB, file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB FILE_NAME
-------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
USERS                         5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
SYSAUX                      240 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
UNDOTBS1                     35 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
SYSTEM                      480 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
EXAMPLE                     100 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
TS_A                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
TS_B                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
TS_C                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf

8 rows selected.

#시나리오와 같이 ts_d Tablespace를 생성한다.
SQL> create tablespace ts_d datafile '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf' size 5m;

Tablespace created.

#ts_d Tablespace에 test Table을 생성하고 Data를 입력한다.
SQL> create table scott.test(no number) tablespace ts_d;

Table created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (1);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (2);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (3);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from scott.test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2
         3

#Data까지 입력하고 ts_d Tablespace를 삭제하기 전에 복구를 위해 현재 시간을 확인한다.
#rm 이 아닌 drop tablespace ts_d including contents and datafiles; 를 사용할 경우 alter_testdb.log 파일에서 drop tablespace ts_d including contents and datafiles 했던 시간을 확인할 수 있다.
SQL> select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') "SYSDATE" from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2010-03-12:02:02:12

#ts_d Tablespace를 삭제하고 삭제 되었는지 확인한다.
SQL> !rm /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_*.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf  /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf

#Archive log를 만들기 위해 로그 스위치를 몇 차례 발생시킨다.
#주의사항 : 실습 또는 연습문제에서 로그 스위치를 발생시키지 않을 경우 Archive log가 생성되지 않아 복구할 수 없다.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') "SYSDATE" from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2010-03-12:02:04:43

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> !mkdir /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp

#복구시 실수로 인해 기존 DB까지 사용하지 못할 수 있다. 따라서 현재의 원본 Data file, Redo log file, Control file을 /data/backup/temp 디렉토리를 생성하고 Backup 받는다.
SQL> !mkdir /data/backup/temp

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/* /data/backup/temp/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl' -> `/data/backup/temp/control01.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl' -> `/data/backup/temp/control02.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl' -> `/data/backup/temp/control03.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/example01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log' -> `/data/backup/temp/redo01.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log' -> `/data/backup/temp/redo02.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log' -> `/data/backup/temp/redo03.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/sysaux01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/system01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/temp01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/ts_a01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/ts_b01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/ts_c01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/undotbs01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/temp/users01.dbf'

#원본 Data file, Redo log file, Control file을 Backup 받은 후 이전에 Backup 받아놓은 Data file을 복원한다.
SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/*.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/
`/data/backup/open/example01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/system01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf'
`/data/backup/open/users01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf'

#이전에 Backup 받아놓은 Control file을 복원한다.
SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/control01.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl
`/data/backup/open/control01.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/control01.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl
`/data/backup/open/control01.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/open/control01.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl
`/data/backup/open/control01.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl'

#복구를 위해 mount 단계로 시작한다.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              75499088 bytes
Database Buffers          205520896 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> 
#ts_d Tablespace에 문제(삭제)가 발생하기 이전 시간으로 복구한다.
SQL> recover database until time '2010-03-12:02:02:12' using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 505394 generated at 03/12/2010 01:55:53 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /data/arc2/4_1_710077424.arc
ORA-00280: change 505394 for thread 1 is in sequence #4


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01244: unnamed datafile(s) added to control file by media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 9: '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf'


ORA-01112: media recovery not started

#ts_d01.dbf가 존재하지 않아 오류가 발생한다. 따라서 ts_d01.dbf를 복원해야 한다. 아래와 같이 현재 Data file을 재 확인하면 새로운 Data file("/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/UNNAMED00009) 목록이 확인된다.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf
/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/UNNAMED00009

9 rows selected.

#기존 Data file인 ts_d01.dbf를 복원하기 위해 아래와 같이 실행한다.
SQL> alter database create datafile 'UNNAMED00009' as '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf';

Database altered.

#위 과정을 통해 현재 Data file을 재 확인해 보면 ts_d01.dbf 파일로 변경된 것을 확인할 수 있다.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf

9 rows selected.

#ts_d01.dbf가 복원 되었으니 다시한번 ts_d Tablespace에 문제가 발생하기 이전 시간으로 복구한다.
SQL> recover database until time '2010-03-12:02:02:12' using backup controlfile;               
ORA-00279: change 508678 generated at 03/12/2010 02:00:53 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /data/arc2/4_1_710077424.arc
ORA-00280: change 508678 for thread 1 is in sequence #4


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.
#복구가 완료된 후 resetlogs 옵션을 이용해 open 단계로 변경한다.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

#select 문을 이용해 복구 여부를 확인한다.
SQL> select * from scott.test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2
         3

SQL> 
posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 11. 20:55
#시나리오
A. DB를 전체 백업한다.
B. ts_d Tablesapce 생성하고, Control file을 Backup 한다.
C. ts_d에 scott.test Table을 생성하고 Data를 입력한다.
D. scott.test Table을 Drop 한다.
E. ts_d Tablespace를 Drop 한다.
F. 현재 시점

#연습문제
D 시점에서 삭제된 scott.test Table을 복구한다.


SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.dbf /data/backup/close/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/example01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/sysaux01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/system01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/temp01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/ts_a01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/ts_b01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/ts_c01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/undotbs01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' -> `/data/backup/close/users01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl /data/backup/close/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl' -> `/data/backup/close/control01.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl' -> `/data/backup/close/control02.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl' -> `/data/backup/close/control03.ctl'

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.log /data/backup/close/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log' -> `/data/backup/close/redo01.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log' -> `/data/backup/close/redo02.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log' -> `/data/backup/close/redo03.log'

SQL> !cp -av $ORACLE_HOME/dbs /data/backup/close/
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs'
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/orapwtestdb' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs/orapwtestdb'
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/init.ora' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs/init.ora'
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initdw.ora' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs/initdw.ora'
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/spfiletestdb.ora' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs/spfiletestdb.ora'
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/lkTESTDB' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs/lkTESTDB'
`/home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/hc_testdb.dat' -> `/data/backup/close/dbs/hc_testdb.dat'

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              96470608 bytes
Database Buffers          184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> create tablespace ts_d datafile '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf' size 5m;

Tablespace created.

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to '/data/backup/close/control01.bak';

Database altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024/1024 MB, file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB FILE_NAME
-------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
USERS                         5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
SYSAUX                      240 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
UNDOTBS1                     35 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
SYSTEM                      480 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
EXAMPLE                     100 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
TS_A                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
TS_B                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
TS_C                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf
TS_D                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf

9 rows selected.

SQL> select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') "SYSDATE" from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2010-03-12:01:04:04

SQL> create table scott.test(no number) tablespace ts_d;

Table created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (1);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (2);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (3);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from scott.test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2
         3

SQL> select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') "SYSDATE" from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2010-03-12:01:04:25

SQL> drop table scott.test purge;

Table dropped.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') "SYSDATE" from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2010-03-12:01:05:54

SQL> drop tablespace ts_d including contents and datafiles;

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select * from scott.test;
select * from scott.test
                    *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist


SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> !mkdir -p /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp

SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.* /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/control01.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/control02.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/control03.ctl'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/example01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/redo01.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/redo02.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/redo03.log'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/sysaux01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/system01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/temp01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/ts_a01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/ts_b01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/ts_c01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/undotbs01.dbf'
`/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp/users01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/close/*.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/
`/data/backup/close/example01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/system01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/temp01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/users01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf'

SQL> !cp /data/backup/close/control01.bak /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl

SQL> !cp /data/backup/close/control01.bak /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl

SQL> !cp /data/backup/close/control01.bak /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              75499088 bytes
Database Buffers          205520896 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf
/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf

9 rows selected.

※ 명령어 확인 !!!
SQL> alter database create




SQL> recover database until time '2010-03-12:01:04:25' using backup controlfile;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 9: '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 9 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 9: '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_d01.dbf'


SQL> 
posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 11. 12:36
실습 순서
1. Tablespace 생성 후 DB 전체를 Backup 한다.
2. test 테이블을 1번에서 생성한 tablespace에 생성한다.
3. drop tablespace로 1번에서 생성한 tablespace를 삭제한다.
4. 로그스위치를 수차례 발생시킨다.
5. 1번 과정에서 Backup 받았던 Data files과 Control files를 복원한다.
6. alert_testdb.log 파일에서 3번 작업을 수행했던 시간을 확인한다.
7. DB를 mount 단계로 시작한다.
8. recover database until time 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS' using backup controlfile; 실행한다.
9. 8번 실행 후 alter database open resetlogs; 실행한다.
10. 복구가 완료 되었는지 확인한다.

SQL> create table scott.test(no number) tablespace ts_c;

Table created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (1);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into scott.test values (2);

1 row created.

SQL> commit; 

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from scott.test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2

SQL> drop tablespace ts_c including contents and datafiles;

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> 

#복구 중 실수로 문제가 발생한 DB 이외에 기존 DB 까지 사용하지 못하는 경우가 발생될 수 있다.
#따라서 문제가 발생한 Data file까지 포함해 모든 Data file, Redo log file, Control file까지 Backup을 받아놓는다.
SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.dbf /data/backup/temp
SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.log /data/backup/temp
SQL> !cp -av /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*.ctl /data/backup/temp

#위와 같이 Data file, Redo log file, Control file까지 Backup을 받아놓은 후 아래와 같이 복구를 시작한다.
SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/cr_close/*.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/
`/data/backup/cr_close/example01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/system01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/temp01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/ts_a01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/ts_b01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/ts_c01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf'
`/data/backup/cr_close/users01.dbf' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/cr_close/*.ctl /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/
`/data/backup/cr_close/control01.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl'
`/data/backup/cr_close/control02.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl'
`/data/backup/cr_close/control03.ctl' -> `/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl'

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              83887696 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.

#alert_testdb.log 에서 drop tablespace ts_c including contents and datafiles 작업 수행 시간을 확인한다.
#/home/oracle/admin/testdb/bdump/alert_testdb.log 내용 중 일부
Thu Mar 11 12:27:55 2010
drop tablespace ts_c including contents and datafiles
Thu Mar 11 12:27:58 2010
Deleted file /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf
Completed: drop tablespace ts_c including contents and datafiles

SQL> recover database until time '2010-03-11:12:27:50' using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 502969 generated at 03/11/2010 11:14:17 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /data/arc2/4_1_710077424.arc
ORA-00280: change 502969 for thread 1 is in sequence #4


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from scott.test;

        NO
----------
         1
         2

SQL> 

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posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 9. 12:13
#1 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf를 삭제하고 복구하기

SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size             100664912 bytes
Database Buffers          180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 2 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf'


SQL> !cp /data/backup/open/undotbs01.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/

SQL> recover datafile '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf';
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024/1024 MB, file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB FILE_NAME
-------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
USERS                         5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
SYSAUX                      240 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
UNDOTBS1                     35 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
SYSTEM                      480 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
EXAMPLE                     100 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf
TS_A                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf
TS_B                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf
TS_C                          5 /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf

8 rows selected.

SQL> 



#2 ts_a, ts_b, ts_c에 각각 test5, test6, test7 Table을 만들고 Data를 입력한 후 각 Data file을 삭제하고 3개의 Tablespace 전부 복구하기

SQL> create table test5 (no number) tablespace ts_a;

Table created.

SQL> insert into test5 values (5);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;  

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from test5;

        NO
----------
         5

SQL> create table test6 (no number) tablespace ts_b;

Table created.

SQL> insert into test6 values (6);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;  

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from test6;

        NO
----------
         6

SQL> create table test7 (no number) tablespace ts_c;

Table created.

SQL> insert into test7 values (7);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;  

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from test7;

        NO
----------
         7

SQL> !rm /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf

SQL> !rm /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_b01.dbf

SQL> !rm /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_c01.dbf

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_*
ls: /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_*: 그런 파일이나 디렉토리가 없음

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size             100664912 bytes
Database Buffers          180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6: '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/ts_a01.dbf'


SQL> !cp /data/backup/open/ts_a01.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/

SQL> !cp /data/backup/open/ts_b01.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/

SQL> !cp /data/backup/open/ts_c01.dbf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/

SQL> recover database;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from test5;

        NO
----------
         5

SQL> select * from test6;

        NO
----------
         6

SQL> select * from test7;

        NO
----------
         7

SQL> 
posted by I유령I 2010. 3. 9. 10:53
장애 상황
No archive log mode로 DB 운영 중 갑자기 데이터 파일이 삭제되면서 DB가 강제 종료되는 현상이 발생했다.
확인 결과 Data file, Control file, Redo log file이 저장되어있는 디스크 장애였다.
현재 Backup file은 아래와 같이 저장되어 있으며 긴급 복구를 해야하는 상황이다.
삭제된 파일은 users01.dbf 이다.

복구 경로 (아래의 경로에 각 파일들이 위치하도록 복구)
- Data file : /data/temp/data/*.dbf
- Redo log file : /data/temp/log/*.log
- Control file : /data/temp/control/*.ctl

[oracle@ghost]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 10 02:52:47 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              96470608 bytes
Database Buffers          184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
#Data file, Control file, Redo log file이 저장되어 있는 디스크 장애이므로 모든 파일을 삭제한다.
SQL> !rm -rf /home/oracle/oradata/testdb/*

#디스크 장애가 발생하면서 DB가 강제 종료되는 상황을 만들기 위해 shutdown abort; 명령어를 사용한다.
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
#Control file이 삭제되어 아래와 같이 Control file 관련 에러가 발생하며 alert log를 확인하라는 에러 메시지가 출력된다.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size             100664912 bytes
Database Buffers          180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

#복구를 위해 일단 shutdown 한다.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted


ORACLE instance shut down.
#연습문제 내용과 같이 복구 경로를 지정하기 위해 디렉토리를 생성하고 각 디렉토리로 복사한다.
SQL> !mkdir -p /data/temp/data /data/temp/log /data/temp/control

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/close/*.dbf /data/temp/data/
`/data/backup/close/example01.dbf' -> `/data/temp/data/example01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/sysaux01.dbf' -> `/data/temp/data/sysaux01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/system01.dbf' -> `/data/temp/data/system01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/temp01.dbf' -> `/data/temp/data/temp01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/undotbs01.dbf' -> `/data/temp/data/undotbs01.dbf'
`/data/backup/close/users01.dbf' -> `/data/temp/data/users01.dbf'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/close/*.log /data/temp/log/ 
`/data/backup/close/redo01.log' -> `/data/temp/log/redo01.log'
`/data/backup/close/redo02.log' -> `/data/temp/log/redo02.log'
`/data/backup/close/redo03.log' -> `/data/temp/log/redo03.log'

SQL> !cp -av /data/backup/close/*.ctl /data/temp/control/
`/data/backup/close/control01.ctl' -> `/data/temp/control/control01.ctl'
`/data/backup/close/control02.ctl' -> `/data/temp/control/control02.ctl'
`/data/backup/close/control03.ctl' -> `/data/temp/control/control03.ctl'

#Control file을 우선 복구하기 위해 Instance를 nomount 단계로 시작한다.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size             100664912 bytes
Database Buffers          180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
#Server Parameter file에서 현재 복구할 Control file의 경로를 변경한다.
#기존 내용
#*.control_files='/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl',
#'/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl',
#'/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/control03.ctl'

#pfile 사용시
SQL> !vi /home/oracle/product/10g/dbs/inittestdb.ora
*.control_files='/data/temp/control/control01.ctl',
'/data/temp/control/control02.ctl',
'/data/temp/control/control03.ctl'

#spfile 사용시
SQL> alter system set control_files='/data/temp/control/control01.ctl',
  2  '/data/temp/control/control02.ctl',
  3  '/data/temp/control/control03.ctl'
  4  scope=spfile;

System altered.

#spfile의 변경된 내용을 적용하고 Data file, Redo log file의 복구를 위해 Instance를 재 시작한다.
 위해 Instance를 mount 단계로 재 시작한다.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted


ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size             100664912 bytes
Database Buffers          180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
#Data file, Redo log file을 복구하기 위해 Control file의 정보를 변경한다.
SQL> alter database rename        
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
  3  to '/data/temp/data/system01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf'
  3  to '/data/temp/data/sysaux01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf'
  3  to '/data/temp/data/undotbs01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf'
  3  to '/data/temp/data/users01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/example01.dbf'
  3  to '/data/temp/data/example01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log'
  3  to '/data/temp/log/redo01.log';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log'
  3  to '/data/temp/log/redo02.log';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename
  2  file '/home/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log'
  3  to '/data/temp/log/redo03.log';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

#복구 여부를 확인한다.
SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024/1024 MB, file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB FILE_NAME
-------------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
USERS                         5 /data/temp/data/users01.dbf
SYSAUX                      240 /data/temp/data/sysaux01.dbf
UNDOTBS1                     35 /data/temp/data/undotbs01.dbf
SYSTEM                      480 /data/temp/data/system01.dbf
EXAMPLE                     100 /data/temp/data/example01.dbf

SQL> select a.group#, a.member, b.bytes/1024/1024 MB, b.archived, b.status
  2  from v$logfile a, v$log b
  3  where a.group# = b.group#
  4  order by a.group#, a.member;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                     MB ARC STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ----------------
         1 /data/temp/log/redo01.log                                  50 NO  INACTIVE
         2 /data/temp/log/redo02.log                                  50 NO  INACTIVE
         3 /data/temp/log/redo03.log                                  50 NO  CURRENT

SQL>